Melanin is a natural pigment that gives colour to the skin to protect it from the sun’s harmful rays.
Normally, melanin is distributed evenly, but accumulation in a particular area causes dark skin spots, which usually appear on sun-exposed areas of the body: face, hands, and décolletage. The appearance of dark spots depends on several factors:
- Genetic inheritance
- Exposure to the sun
- Hormonal factors (pregnancy, taking contraceptive pills)
- Age
- Use of photo-sensitising products